Maldives Addu Atoll ecoatoll project
welcome to the
ecoatoll project
.
This website is produced by My Clean Sky an air travel carbon offset service.
The site is designed as a one stop shop for information relevent to renewable energy providers who may be able to assist in providing an estimated 10 MW of renewable energy required by Addu Atoll, Maldives. Renewable energy providers and other visitors to the site are invited to consider the CO2 footprint of their air travel and choose My Clean Sky to offset these emissions.
Click below to see the CO2 emissions from your last flight. |
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Over 600,000 people fly to the Maldives every year.
<< This good news, particularly if they offset their flights. When you offset your flights with My Clean Sky,
your money funds sustainable agricultural projects that absorb CO2 into the soil. |
The Problem and a Solution
The highest point on the Maldives is 2.4 metres above sea level.
The country will be the first to disappear underwater due to rising sea levels caused by global warming.
The Nation has announced that it wants to be carbon neutral by 2020.
There is only 10 years left to turn the energy infrastructure in the Maldives to renewables.
Some of the renewable energy systems that might be of value include those listed below.
Click on the links to find relevant data for each energy type.
Solar
- Solar PV (roof mount - integrated with existing diesel generators)
- Solar for hot water
- Solar thermal electricity with storage
- Combined solar thermal hot water / electricity / air conditioning
OTEC
- Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
Wind
- Vertical axis wind turbines
- Horizontal axis wind turbines
Wave energy
Tidal energy
Biomass
- Biodiesel (from sustainable feedstocks)
Seawater cooling
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At the heart of the problem is the continually increasing concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere as shown in the data below. Source: NOAA.
| year |
CO2 ppm |
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| 1980 |
338.67 |
| 1981 |
339.84 |
| 1982 |
340.56 |
| 1983 |
342.21 |
| 1984 |
343.81 |
| 1985 |
345.30 |
| 1986 |
346.72 |
| 1987 |
348.44 |
| 1988 |
350.96 |
| 1989 |
352.59 |
| 1990 |
353.83 |
| 1991 |
355.18 |
| 1992 |
355.88 |
| 1993 |
356.60 |
| 1994 |
358.03 |
| 1995 |
359.85 |
| 1996 |
361.62 |
| 1997 |
362.76 |
| 1998 |
365.48 |
| 1999 |
367.56 |
| 2000 |
368.77 |
| 2001 |
370.35 |
| 2002 |
372.40 |
| 2003 |
374.94 |
| 2004 |
376.76 |
| 2005 |
378.79 |
| 2006 |
380.91 |
| 2007 |
382.70 |
| 2008 |
384.80 |
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Over 600,000 people fly to the Maldives every year.
This good news, particularly if they offset their flights. |
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The Maldives
Addu Atoll is at the southern end of the country first to disappear under the seas from rising sea levels.

Another hard day at the office.
Help make Addu Atoll the first region in the Maldives to go carbon neutral.
Below is a map of the Maldives.


ADDU ATOLL (Administrative division Seenu)
home of the ecoatoll project |
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Flying Germany to Maldives return will produce about 1.6 tons of greenhouse gases per passenger. offset your flights |
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Flying Russia to Dubai to Maldives return?
about 1.4 tons CO2 per passenger.
Visiting the Maldives is good, particularly if you offset your flights.
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Flying France to Dubai to Maldives return?
about 1.4 tons CO2 per passenger.
Visiting the Maldives is good, particularly if you offset your flights.
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Flying Switzerland to Dubai to Maldives return, that's about 1.7 tons CO2 per passenger.
Visiting the Maldives is good, particularly if you offset your flights.
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Flying Austria to Dubai to Maldives return?
about 1.6 tons CO2 per passenger.
Visiting the Maldives is good, particularly if you offset your flights.
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ecoatoll is proudly supported by:


ecoatoll project

Click image to check
the
carbon
emissions
from your air travel.
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A third of humanity.
Every year, two billion air passengers take to the skies.
Offset your flights with My Clean Sky. |
ecoatoll data
Addu Atoll needs 10 MW of renewable energy.
All energy proposals should take into consideration the Ecosystem Based Management Plan.
This plan seeks to ensure that the economic development of Addu Atoll is undertaken in a manner consistent with maintinaing the ecological intergrity of the islands.
This document is core reading for any parties interested in assisting Addu Atoll meet its renewable energy needs. Download Document.
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Existing energy profile on Addu Atoll
October, 2009
The main powerhouse on Hithadhoo Island has cables linked to Maradhoo, Feydhoo and Gan International Airport.
On Hithadhoo island 2.5MW of electricity is produced at the moment. However, projections are that demand will double or triple within a couple of years.
The other powerhouse on Addu Atoll on Hulhumeedhoo Reef, it is about 0.5MW now, and expected to increase. On the 3rd main powerhouse in Fua Mulaku island, it is about 1.2MW and expected to double soon with major infrastructure such as the new hospital which will be getting plugged into the grid soon.
They are all running on nearly full capacity and are inadequate to meet even current demand. All operate as commercial operations with no free services.
Some of the generators in the existing powerhouses are old and need to be replaced.
Additional reserve capacity is needed in case of generator failure.
The technical and administrative infrastructure is there and the prices being tied to diesel are very high - a bit over MRF3 per unit on average
(US$1+MRF12.85) - very high.
We have to work on numbers assuming MRF2.5 per unit to ensure affordability for the average household, and reduce rates as we recover out investment.
With regard to wind power, we are in a part of the Indian Ocean where the wind direction (wave and currents as well) change from SouthWest to NorthEast every year...trade winds. During the months Feb-April there is hardly any wind.
Being on top of the equator and with no land higher than 2 metres above sea level, the temperatures are constant around 28-35 degrees, with sunshine throughout the year except during 2-3 month of rain or cloudy skies.
Refer links to websites with specific data. There is plenty of room to improve wiring, use better bulbs/lights more extensively, reduce energy use for A/Cs through ventilation and air circulation, etc... yes, there is scope to do that as well.
But this is not a very poor country anymore though not half as rich as developed countries and people want and need more and more energy. We need a forward looking approach.
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Over 600,000 people fly to the Maldives every year.
<<This good news, particularly if they offset their flights.
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OTEC data for the Maldives
Sea surface temperature maps.
Source:
http://www.osdpd.noaa.gov/ml/ocean/cb/mald0sst.htm
more here: http://coralreefwatch.noaa.gov/satellite/current/sst_series_maldivesmale_cur.html
If you have better data, please contact ecoatoll

Assessment of Maldives and Addu Atoll for OTEC
undertaken by Aquarius Rising.
This is information found on a website dated 1992.
We have been unable to contact the orignators of the content. |
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Initial Chart Surey of the Maldives
www.trellis.demon.co.uk/prelim_survey.html |
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Why Maldives?
www.trellis.demon.co.uk/why_maldives.html |
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Addu Atoll Overview
www.trellis.demon.co.uk/addu.html |
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Two potential locations in Addu Atoll were identified as shown on map below:
Location on map |
Island name
(directory) |
Island name
(charts) |
Location
(degrees D & minutes ') |
Distance to deep water
(distance / depth) |
Island size (meters) |
Uninhab.
Inhab. |
North west |
Heretere |
Heratera |
73D 14'E
0D 38'S |
3.3km/1,000m
(to contour) |
3,000 x 200 |
U |
East |
Hithadhoo |
Hitaddu |
73D 05'E
0D 37'S |
1.7km/1,000m
(to contour) |
6,000 x 1,000 |
I |

Aquarius Rising schematic for a land based OTEC plant.
www.trellis.demon.co.uk/models/model_otec.html
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The schematics are colour coded.
- Off-white - Turbine and generator building
- Pink - Warm water pumps
- Red - Warm water tank
- Pale Blue - Cold water pumps
- Blue - Cold water tank
- Yellow - Condenser/ desalination plant
- Pale Green - Fresh water tanks
- Light Brown - Services, control centre and maintenance
- Dark Brown - Power sub-station
- Purple - Sundry support facilities
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Want the latest news on OTEC?
www.otecnews.org
Generating Energy from the Deep
New York Times - April 29, 2009
1/10/2009 - The US Naval Facilities Engineering Command (NAVFAC) recently awarded Lockheed Martin an USD8.12 million contract to further develop Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) technology. |
A third of humanity.
Every year, two billion air passengers take to the skies.
Click here to offset your flights>>
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Wind energy data for the Maldives
In 2003, the US National Renewable Energy Laboratories released a wind report that included data on Maldives: Wind Energy Resource Atlas of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. The whole report is available here, plus segments that relate specifically to the Maldines.
Overview of wind in Maldives.
For the Maldives, the wind map shows the highest resource in the north-central part of the Maldives just north of the capital of Male', from 4.5 degrees North latitude to 6.5 degrees North latitude.
This region includes North Maalhusmadulu, South Maalhusmadulu, North Miladhunmadulu, South Miladhunmadulu, and Faadippolhu Atolls.
The level of resource in these areas is considered good for small-scale village applications and moderate for large applications.
North and south of this region the wind resource is slightly lower but still considered good for small-scale and
moderate for large-scale wind applications.
These areas include the North Thiladhunmathi and South Thiladhunmathi Atolls at the northern end of the Maldives, and North Ari and Male' Atolls near 4 degrees North latitude. Male', the capital of the Maldives, is included in this wind resource area.
The wind resource gradually decreases from Male' southwards with the lowest resource found on the atolls south of 1 degree North latitude.
However, the wind resource is still considered moderate for small-scale applications and favorable locations for wind energy projects may still be found as far south as Addu Atoll.
The seasonal wind resource distribution varies throughout the north-south extent of the Maldives.
In the north-central region, which has the highest annual resource, the seasonal resource is highest from May through October during the west monsoon and from December through January during the northeast monsoon.
In the south, the resource is highest from September through November and in May.
Throughout much of the Maldives, the lowest resource occurs from February through April.
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Most of this report relates to Sri Lanka. The information relevant to Maldives has been extracted and is available here. |
Geography of the Maldives. |
Wind resource characteristics of the Maldives. |
Various wind charts and graphs. |
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Over 600,000 people fly to the Maldives every year.
<<This good news, particularly if they offset their flights.
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Solar energy data for the Maldives
Solar Resource Assessment for Sri Lanka and Maldives. The study shows that ample resources exist throughout the year for virtually all locations in Sri Lanka and the Maldives for PV applications, such as solar home systems and remote power applications. In the Maldives in particular, the high levels of solar resource throughout the entire country make it well suited for off-grid, island-based photovoltaic applications as an alternate to, or supplement to, diesel power generators. Because of the general high level of cloudiness and humidity associated with tropical settings such as this, the resources for concentrating solar power are generally less than adequate, except for certain times of the year. The seasonal variability in the Maldives is also larger than the spatial variability across the country at any given time, but less dramatic. Again, the period of highest solar resource is in March and April, when the region is transitioning from the northeast to the southwest monsoon.
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From another source

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Data source:
www.gaisma.com/en/location/hithadhoo.html

Data collected 24 October, 2009

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A third of humanity.
Every year, two billion air passengers take to the skies.
Click here to offset your flights>>
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Wind Solar Diesel Hybrid Systems for the Maldives |
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Towards a CO2 Neutral F. Magoodhoo.
Wind Solar hybrid proposal. |
Launch of a wind Solar hybrid system in Maldives. |
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Over 600,000 people fly to the Maldives every year.
<<This good news, particularly if they offset their flights.
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